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Diabetes can lead to kidney damage over time, making early detection essential for preventing serious health complications. Regular screening helps identify kidney issues before symptoms appear, allowing for timely intervention.
Understanding Kidney Disease in Diabetes
Diabetic kidney disease, also known as diabetic nephropathy, occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys. This damage impairs the kidneys’ ability to filter waste effectively, potentially leading to kidney failure.
Signs and Symptoms
In the early stages, there may be no noticeable symptoms. As the disease progresses, signs can include swelling in the legs, fatigue, and changes in urination patterns. However, these symptoms often appear only when significant damage has occurred.
Screening and Tests
Routine screening for kidney disease in people with diabetes involves two main tests:
- Urine test: Checks for the presence of albumin, a protein that leaks into the urine when kidneys are damaged.
- Blood test: Measures the level of creatinine to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), indicating kidney function.
Prevention and Management
Controlling blood sugar and blood pressure levels is vital in preventing kidney damage. Lifestyle changes, medications, and regular monitoring can slow disease progression and protect kidney health.